Distance Sensor Module Interfaces | RS485 & UART Comparison

In the evolving world of automation, robotics, and smart sensing, the distance sensor module stands out as a foundational component. Whether you’re building an industrial machine or prototyping with a microcontroller, choosing the right module — and understanding its communication protocols — is crucial.

1. What Is a Distance Sensor Module?

A distance sensor module is an integrated sensor system designed to measure the distance between the sensor and a target object using technologies like laser (LiDAR), ultrasonic, infrared, or Time-of-Flight (ToF). These modules often come pre-packaged with interface components for direct integration with development boards or industrial systems.

For an overview of different sensor types, check out our guide on analog vs ToF distance sensors.

2. Common Communication Interfaces

Selecting the right module starts with understanding communication interfaces, which affect compatibility, range, and real-time performance.

UART (Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter)

Use case: Ideal for microcontroller-based development (e.g., Arduino, STM32).
Pros: Simple wiring, widely supported.
Example: UART distance measuring module.

RS485

Use case: Industrial automation where long-range and noise resistance are required.
Pros: Differential signaling, supports multi-drop configurations.
Example: Industrial laser range finder sensors with RS485 output (see Table below).

CAN Bus

Use case: Automotive, robotics, and systems requiring multi-device communication.
Pros: Robust, supports error handling, standardized in industrial control.

Interface	Ideal For	Protocol Layer	Max Cable Length
UART	Arduino, Raspberry Pi	Basic Serial	~1 meter
RS485	PLCs, industrial sensors	Half-duplex, differential	~1200 meters
CAN	Vehicles, industrial robots	Multi-master, arbitration-based	~40 meters

3. Integration with Popular Development Boards

Distance sensor modules can be easily integrated into various platforms. Here’s how:

Arduino Example

Many UART and I2C distance modules can be plugged directly into Arduino boards. Libraries like NewPing and Adafruit VL53L0X simplify integration.

#include <SoftwareSerial.h>
SoftwareSerial mySerial(10, 11); // RX, TX

void setup() {
  Serial.begin(9600);
  mySerial.begin(9600);
}

void loop() {
  if (mySerial.available()) {
    int distance = mySerial.read();
    Serial.println(distance);
  }
}

Raspberry Pi Example

Modules with UART or USB output are plug-and-play on Raspberry Pi using Python’s serial module. You can find community-contributed examples on Raspberry Pi Forums.

4. Choosing the Right Module: Development vs Industrial Use

Use Case	Features to Look For	Recommended Module
DIY / Hobby	UART/I2C interface, compact, low power	LDL
Robotics	High accuracy, ToF or LiDAR, real-time data	LDL-S
Industrial	RS485/CAN, IP67 rating, long-range, robust housing	PTFS-P4

Tip: Always check for compatibility with your system’s logic level (3.3V vs 5V) and required measurement range.

5. Module Selection Comparison Table

1mm Laser Distance Sensor Module LDL S with 30Hz 30 Meter for Outdoor Strong Light — distance sensor analog output

drone measuring ground with laser sensor — distance sensor analog output

6. Conclusion

Understanding distance sensor modules goes beyond choosing a brand — it requires consideration of protocols, environment, and integration methods. Whether you’re using an RS485 distance sensor module for harsh industrial environments or a UART distance measuring module for prototyping, making the right selection can accelerate your project’s success.